Genetic Analysis in Humans

For a number of reasons, human genetics is difficult to study. We live under variable conditions in diverse environments. Humans mate by chance and may, or may not, choose to reproduce. Humans live as long as those who study them. The small family size characteristic of human beings is not sufficient for meaningful statistical analysis.

The analysis of family pedigrees provides data on inheritance patterns through several generations and is useful for preparation of linkage maps.

A pedigree chart shows genetic connections among individuals using standardized symbols. Knowledge of probability and Mendelian patterns are used to suggest the basis of a trait. Conclusions are most accurate when they are drawn from large number of pedigrees.

This animation (Audio - Important) describes pedigree charts.

REVIEW: A karyotype

REVIEW: Which of the following designates a normal human female?
a. XXY
b. XY
c. XX
d. XYY
e. XO

REVIEW: A locus is

REVIEW: Various forms of a gene at a given locus are called

REVIEW: Chromosomes other than those involved in sex determination are known as

REVIEW: DNA coding regions that affect the same trait are called

REVIEW: If two genes are almost always found in the same gamete, they are

REVIEW: Genes that are located on the same chromosome
a. tend to be inherited together.
b. will appear together in the gamete.
c. are said to be linked.
d. may be separated during crossing over.
e. all of these

REVIEW: Genetic recombination as a result of crossing over occurs more readily in genes that are located

REVIEW: _ segregate during _ .

REVIEW: The probability of a crossover occurring between two genes on the same chromosome is _____ .

REVIEW: Alleles are _____ .

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