Name: 
 

BIS10V / NEM10V 2013 Midterm


Instructions:

Put your name and student ID number on both the test and the scantron.

On your scantron, bubble in your student ID number. Bubble in the test version.

Only use pencil (spare ones up front). Erase stray  marks fully. No stray marks in the row of black lines.

On your scantron, identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

If you think there is an error on the test, make a note on your test (not the scantron) and tell the instructor on the way out.

Double check your scantron for "double bubbles" or missing answers. There is no penalty for guessing.
 

 1. 
When water _________ it is called snow and/or rain.
a.
condenses
b.
precipitates
c.
pontificates
d.
subjugates
 

 2. 
Prokaryotic cells do NOT have
a.
nucleoid regions.
b.
membrane bound nuclei.
c.
cytoplasm.
d.
plasma membrane.
e.
DNA.
 

 3. 
The usual F2 phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross is
a.
1:1.
b.
2:1.
c.
9:3:3:1.
d.
1:2:1.
e.
3:1.
 

 4. 
Hormones may ______ gene transcription in target cells.
a.
promote
b.
inhibit
c.
participate in
d.
both a and b
 

 5. 
The sequence of amino acids is the __________ structure of proteins.
a.
primary
b.
secondary
c.
tertiary
d.
quaternary
e.
stereo
 

 6. 
The negative subatomic particle is the
a.
neutron.
b.
proton.
c.
electron.
d.
neutron and proton.
e.
proton and electron.
 

 7. 
Meiosis _____ the parental chromosome number.
a.
doubles
b.
reduces
c.
maintains
d.
corrupts
 

 8. 
Multiple effects of a single gene is known as
a.
expressivity.
b.
penetrance.
c.
codominance.
d.
pleiotropy.
e.
multiple alleles.
 

 9. 
The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is
a.
replication.
b.
translation.
c.
transcription.
d.
DNA synthesis.
e.
metabolism.
 

 10. 
Pleiotropic genes
a.
act on secondary sexual characteristics.
b.
influence more than one aspect of phenotype.
c.
are additive.
d.
produce lethal effects when homozygous.
e.
none of these
 

 11. 
A karyotype
a.
compares one set of chromosomes to another.
b.
is a visual display of chromosomes arranged according to size.
c.
is a photograph of cells undergoing mitosis during anaphase.
d.
of a normal human cell shows 48 chromosomes.
e.
cannot be used to identify individual chromosomes beyond the fact that two chromosomes are homologues.
 

 12. 
Cell differentiation _____ .
a.
occurs in all complex multicelled organisms
b.
requires different genes in different cells
c.
involves selective gene expression
d.
both a and c
e.
all of the above
 

 13. 
DNA contains many different genes that are transcribed into different _____ .
a.
proteins
b.
mRNAs only
c.
mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs
d.
all are correct
 

 14. 
Each cell is able to maintain a constant internal environment. This is called
a.
metabolism.
b.
homeostasis.
c.
physiology.
d.
adaptation.
e.
evolution.
 

 15. 
James Watson and Francis Crick
a.
established the double-stranded nature of DNA.
b.
established the principle of base pairing.
c.
explained how DNA's structure permitted it to be replicated.
d.
proposed the concept of the double-helix.
e.
all of these
 

 16. 
In a chromosome, a _____ is a constricted region with attachment sites for microtubules.
a.
chromatid
b.
cell plate
c.
centromere
d.
cleavage
 

 17. 
In which biome would you expect to find Spruce
a.
Rain Forest
b.
Desert     
c.
Coniferous Forest
d.
Tundra     
e.
Shrubland     
 

 18. 
A locus is
a.
a recessive gene.
b.
an unmatched allele.
c.
a sex chromosome.
d.
the location of an allele on a chromosome.
e.
a dominant gene.
 

 19. 
_____ segregate during _____ .
a.
Homologues; mitosis
b.
Genes on nonhomologous chromosomes; meiosis
c.
Homologues; meiosis
d.
Genes on one chromosome; mitosis
 

 20. 
Amino acids are the building blocks for
a.
proteins.
b.
steroids.
c.
lipids.
d.
nucleic acids.
e.
carbohydrates.
 

 21. 
If tall (D) is dominant to dwarf (d), and two homozygous varieties DD and dd are crossed, then what kind of offspring will be produced?
a.
all intermediate forms
b.
all tall
c.
all dwarf
d.
1/2 tall, 1/2 dwarf
e.
3/4 tall, 1/4 dwarf
 

 22. 
The lactose operon includes
a.
an operator.
b.
three structural genes that manufacture lactose-metabolizing enzymes.
c.
a promoter.
d.
a repressor.
e.
an operator, three structural genes that manufacture lactose-metabolizing enzymes, and a promoter.
 

 23. 
Which does NOT produce variation?
a.
crossing over
b.
random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis
c.
asexual reproduction
d.
genetic recombination of alleles
e.
sexual reproduction
 

 24. 
Mendel's principle of independent assortment states that
a.
one allele is always dominant to another.
b.
hereditary units from the male and female parents are blended in the offspring.
c.
the two hereditary units that influence a certain trait segregate during gamete formation.
d.
each hereditary unit is inherited separately from other hereditary units.
e.
all of these
 

 25. 
Nondisjuction can be caused by _____ .
a.
crossing over in mitosis
b.
segregation in meiosis
c.
failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis
d.
multiple independent assortments
 

 26. 
A fatty acid with one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon chain is said to be
a.
saturated
b.
unsaturated
c.
condenses
d.
hydrolyzed
e.
supersaturated
 

 27. 
DNA coding regions that affect the same trait are called
a.
homologues.
b.
alleles.
c.
autosomes.
d.
loci.
e.
gametes.
 

 28. 
If short hair (L) is dominant to long hair (l), animals LL and Ll have the same
a.
parents.
b.
genotypes.
c.
phenotypes.
d.
alleles.
e.
genes.
 

 29. 
These are the primary cellular sites for the production of proteins.
a.
Golgi bodies
b.
ribosomes
c.
mitochondria
d.
lysosomes
e.
smooth endoplasmic reticula
 

 30. 
Pairing of homologues and crossing over occur during
a.
anaphase I.
b.
metaphase II.
c.
prophase I.
d.
prophase II.
e.
telophase II.
 

 31. 
Darwin saw that populations of Galapagos finches _____ .
a.
show variation in traits
b.
resemble birds in South America
c.
are adapted to different island habitats
d.
all of the above
 

 32. 
If all offspring of a cross have the genotype Aa, the parents of the crosses would most likely be
a.
AA x aa.
b.
Aa x Aa.
c.
Aa x aa.
d.
AA x Aa.
e.
none of these
 

 33. 
A duplicated chromosome has _____ chromatid(s).
a.
one
b.
two
c.
three
d.
four
 

 34. 
The expression of a given gene depends on the _____.
a.
type of cell and its functions
b.
chemical conditions
c.
environmental signals
d.
all of the above
 

 35. 
The DNA fragments produced by automated DNA sequencing are identified using
a.
radioactive probes.
b.
laser beams.
c.
ultracentrifugation.
d.
electron microscopy.
e.
restriction enzymes.
 

 36. 
Maternal and paternal chromosomes are shuffled most during
a.
anaphase II.
b.
metaphase I.
c.
prophase I.
d.
telophase II.
e.
interphase.
 

 37. 
Plants lose water through what process?
a.
Transpiration
b.
Condensation
c.
Precipitation
d.
Evaporation
 

 38. 
If short hair (L) is dominant to long hair (l), then to determine the genotype of a short-haired animal it should be crossed with
a.
LL.
b.
Ll.
c.
ll.
d.
all of these
e.
none of these
 

 39. 
What part of a fatty acid can attract water molecules?
a.
Hydrophobic end
b.
Carboxyl group
c.
Nonpolar section
d.
Hydrocarbon chain
 

 40. 
Genes are
a.
located on chromosomes.
b.
inherited in the same way as chromosomes.
c.
arranged in linear sequence on chromosomes.
d.
assorted independently during meiosis.
e.
all of these
 

 41. 
In comparing mitosis and meiosis, which of the following statements is true?
a.
Meiosis I is more like mitosis than is meiosis II.
b.
Both processes result in four cells.
c.
Synapsis (pairing of chromosomes) occurs in both.
d.
Chromatids are present only in mitosis.
e.
Meiosis II resembles mitosis.
 

 42. 
An -OH group is a(n) __________ group.
a.
carboxyl
b.
hydroxyl
c.
amino
d.
methyl
e.
ketone
 

 43. 
_____ are to nucleic acids as monomers are to polymers
a.
Nucleotides
b.
RNAs
c.
DNAs
d.
Nitrogenous bases
e.
Nucleosides
 

 44. 
Crossing over is one of the most important events in meiosis because
a.
it produces new arrays of alleles on chromosomes.
b.
homologous chromosomes must be separated into different daughter cells.
c.
the number of chromosomes allotted to each daughter cell must be halved.
d.
homologous chromatids must be separated into different daughter cells.
e.
all of these
 

 45. 
Nucleotides contain what kind of sugars?
a.
three-carbon
b.
four-carbon
c.
five-carbon
d.
six-carbon
e.
seven-carbon
 

 46. 
By gel electrophoresis, fragments of a gene lilbrary can be separated according to _____ .
a.
shape
b.
length
c.
species
 

 47. 
Which organelle is the site of most of the cell's protein synthesis?
a.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c.
Mitochondria
d.
Nucleus
e.
Cytoplasmic ribosomes
 

 48. 
An -NH2 group is a(n) __________ group.
a.
carboxyl
b.
hydroxyl
c.
amino
d.
methyl
e.
ketone
 

 49. 
Each of the cells formed during telophase I is
a.
diploid.
b.
tetraploid.
c.
in synapsis.
d.
ready to be fertilized.
e.
haploid.
 

 50. 
Organelles composed of a system of canals, tubes, and sacs that transport molecules inside the cytoplasm are
a.
Golgi bodies.
b.
ribosomes.
c.
mitochondria.
d.
lysosomes.
e.
endoplasmic reticula.
 



 
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